View source for Urine

A suprisingly useful aqueous mixture of several compounds.
==Production==
Production of urine is a natural process for most animals.
==Character==
* On its own, urine has a NPK rating of 0.6, 0.04 0.08<ref>{{cite pub
|title=Urea stabilisation and concentration for urine-diverting dry toilets: Urine dehydration in ash
|first1=Jenna
|last1=Senecal
|first2=Björn
|last2=Vinnerås
|doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.038
|publication=Science of The Total Environment
|volume=586
|year=2017
|pages=650-657
|publisher=Elsevier
|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313799886_Urea_stabilisation_and_concentration_for_urine-diverting_dry_toilets_Urine_dehydration_in_ash
|courtesy=researchgate
}}</ref>
* 85% phosphoric acid is 15.2 molar, so between 500L and 1200L (130-320 gal) of urine would be required to make 1L of that acid.
* 25% ammonia (maximum non-lossy concentration) is 13.4 molar, so about 10L of urine would be required to make 1L of that solution.
*: {{#Chem: CO(NH2)2 + H2O = 2NH3 + CO2 // 1M urea becomes 2M ammonia}}
*: 10L (2 ammonia (0.66M urea)) = 13.4M ammonia, to be dissolved  in 1L of water.
===Components===
The major products of interest derived from human urine are<ref> {{cite pub
|title=Composition and Concentrative Properties of Human Urine
|first1=David F.
|last1=Putnam
|year=1971
|url=http://books.google.com/books/about/?id=Vqat8g5IDF8C
|courtesy=NASA
|lc=NASA-urine.pdf}}</ref>:
* [[Water]]
* [[Salt]] 3g/L (0.05M)
* [[Phosphorus]], 0.4 to 1.0 g/L (0.013-0.032M)
* [[Urea]], ~9.3g/L (0.66M)

Other animals' urine may also include:
* [[Ammonia]]
* '''Uric acid'''

===Maximizing urea content===
In the [[ammonia production from urine]] process, it is of value to maximize the [[urea]] content of urine. Simple ways to do this include:
# Collect urine first thing in the morning - urea is produced during the night, but is not diluted by additional water (not) consumed while you sleep.
# Collect urine within 36 hours of heavy exercise
# Collect urine from humans eating large amounts of protein rather than carbohydrates.
Obviously all of these could be done simultaneously, given the right diet, exercise, and sleeping schedule.

==See Also==
*

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:NOWA]][[Category:Animal Products]][[Category:Crude Mixtures]]