Cooling slurry: Difference between revisions
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Cooling slurries are combinations of solute and solvent which are frigorific. | Cooling slurries are combinations of solute and solvent which are frigorific and are often used as a cooling bath. | ||
== | ==Water== | ||
{|class=wikitable sortable | {|class=wikitable sortable | ||
|+Cooling | |+Water-Based Cooling Slurries<ref name=Gordon>{{cite pub | ||
|publication=The Chemists's Companion, A Handbook of Practical Data, Techniques, and References | |publication=The Chemists's Companion, A Handbook of Practical Data, Techniques, and References | ||
|title=Solvents and Baths for Heating and Cooling | |title=Solvents and Baths for Heating and Cooling | ||
| Line 20: | Line 13: | ||
|isbn13=978-0471315902 | |isbn13=978-0471315902 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
!Initial Temperature (°C) | |||
!Solute | |||
!Amount (% solute) | |||
!Final Temperature (°C) | |||
|- | |- | ||
|10.7||[[sodium acetate]]||85||-4.7 | |10.7||[[sodium acetate]]||85||-4.7 | ||
| Line 34: | Line 27: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|10.8||[[potassium iodide]]||140||-11.7 | |10.8||[[potassium iodide]]||140||-11.7 | ||
|- | |||
|20 | |||
|rowspan=2|[[ammonium nitrate]]||106||-4 | |||
|- | |||
|13.6||60||-13.6 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|13.2||[[ammonium thiocyanide]] pentahydrate||133||-18.0 | |13.2||[[ammonium thiocyanide]] pentahydrate||133||-18.0 | ||
|} | |||
==Ice== | |||
{|class=wikitable sortable | |||
|+Ice-Based Cooling Slurries<ref name=Gordon/> | |||
!Solute | |||
!Amount (% solute) | |||
!Final Temperature (°C) | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[sodium carbonate]]||20||-2 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|[[potassium chloride]]||30||-10.9 | |[[potassium chloride]]||30||-10.9 | ||
| Line 65: | Line 69: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|143||-55 | |143||-55 | ||
| | |} | ||
| | |||
==Dry Ice== | |||
{| class=wikitable | |||
|+Dry-Iced based Cooling Slurries<ref name=JCE>{{cite pub | |||
|title=General purpose low temperature dry-ice baths | |title=General purpose low temperature dry-ice baths | ||
|publication=Journal of Chemical Education | |publication=Journal of Chemical Education | ||
| Line 81: | Line 88: | ||
|courtesy=American Chemical Society | |courtesy=American Chemical Society | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | !Solute | ||
!Amount (% solvent) | |||
!Final Temperature (°C) | |||
|- | |||
| || || | |||
|} | |||
==Liquid Nitrogen== | |||
{| class=wikitable | |||
|+Liquid Nitrogen Based Cooling Baths<ref name=JCED>{{cite pub | |||
|title=Slush Baths | |title=Slush Baths | ||
|publication=Journal of Chemical Engineering Data | |publication=Journal of Chemical Engineering Data | ||
| Line 96: | Line 111: | ||
|courtesy=American Chemical Society | |courtesy=American Chemical Society | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
|- | |||
!Solute | |||
!Amount (% solvent) | |||
!Final Temperature (°C) | |||
|- | |||
| || || | |||
|} | |} | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Data]] | [[Category:Data]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:36, 15 January 2020
Cooling slurries are combinations of solute and solvent which are frigorific and are often used as a cooling bath.
Water
| Initial Temperature (°C) | Solute | Amount (% solute) | Final Temperature (°C) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10.7 | sodium acetate | 85 | -4.7 |
| 13.3 | ammonium chloride | 30 | -5.1 |
| 13.2 | sodium nitrate | 75 | -5.3 |
| 10.7 | sodium thiosulfate | 110 | -8 |
| 10.8 | potassium iodide | 140 | -11.7 |
| 20 | ammonium nitrate | 106 | -4 |
| 13.6 | 60 | -13.6 | |
| 13.2 | ammonium thiocyanide pentahydrate | 133 | -18.0 |
Ice
| Solute | Amount (% solute) | Final Temperature (°C) |
|---|---|---|
| sodium carbonate | 20 | -2 |
| potassium chloride | 30 | -10.9 |
| ammonium chloride | 25 | -15.4 |
| ammonium nitrate | 45 | -16.8 |
| sodium chloride | 33 | -21.3 |
| sodium bromide | 66 | -28 |
| magnesium chloride | 85 | -34 |
| sulfuric acid (66.2%) | 23 | -25 |
| 40 | -30 | |
| 91 | -37 | |
| calcium chloride hexahydrate | 41 | -9 |
| 81 | -21.5 | |
| 123 | -40.3 | |
| 143 | -55 |
Dry Ice
| Solute | Amount (% solvent) | Final Temperature (°C) |
|---|---|---|
Liquid Nitrogen
| Solute | Amount (% solvent) | Final Temperature (°C) |
|---|---|---|
See Also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 -Gordon, Arnold J.; Ford, Richard A. (1972) "Solvents and Baths for Heating and Cooling".
The Chemists's Companion, A Handbook of Practical Data, Techniques, and References John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 978-0471315902 - ↑ Phipps, A. M.; Hume, D. N. (1968) "General purpose low temperature dry-ice baths"
Journal of Chemical Education 45(10); pp664.
DOI:10.1021/ed045p664
link courtesy American Chemical Society. - ↑ Rondeau, Roger E. (1966) "Slush Baths"
Journal of Chemical Engineering Data 11(1); pp124.
DOI:10.1021/je60028a037
link courtesy American Chemical Society.