Activated harcoal: Difference between revisions

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[[Category:Crude Mixtures]]
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[[Category:Medicines]]
[[Category:Pharm]]
[[Category:Medications]][[Category: WHO LEM]][[Category:DHS AMF]][[Category:Emergency Medications]]
[[Category:Medications]][[Category: WHO LEM]][[Category:DHS AMF]][[Category:Emergency Medications]]

Latest revision as of 02:14, 20 October 2023

So called "activated" charcoal is a powder composed of a processed form of regular charcoal with a particularly large surface area due to microscopic pores on the surface of the particles. This makes it more effective than regular charcoal for most non-fuel uses of charcoal.

Uses

  • Pharm: GI treatment on WHO LEM
  • Water filtration

Natural occurrence

  • Tiny amounts of activated charcoal do occur naturally in regular charcoal.

Hazards

  • GRAS

Production

steam activation

In a kiln, push live steam through size-sorted charcoal. The reaction will create additional pores in the charcoal, increasing its surface area.

C(s) + 2 H2O(g)
{
700°C}
2 H2(g) + CO2(g)

Testing

To the human senses, activated charcoal and regular charcoal are identical. Measurement/estimation of the surface area and pore size are vital to knowing whether or not the production has been successful. This is accomplished through the use of other chemicals, determinism its iodine number[1] and its absorption of methylene blue. [2]

Iodine number

Methylene blue number

See Also

References

  1.  (2006) "Standard Test Method for Determination of Iodine Number of Activated Carbon" (local copy)
    link courtesy ASTM.
  2. Nunes, Cleiton A (2011) "Estimation of surface area and pore volume of activated carbons by methylene blue and iodine numbers" (local copy)
    Química Nova 34(3) Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras
    DOI:10.1590/S0100-40422011000300020
    link courtesy Scientific Electronic Library Online, Brazil.