Carbon monoxide

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Carbon monoxide
Chemical formula CO
OTP appearance colorless gas 
Molar Mass(g/mol) 28 
Density(g/cc) 0.001145 
Melting Point(°C) 205 
Boiling Point(°C) -191 
Fuel Value(MJ/kg) 10 
Solubility in water(g/L) 0.0276 (2.4%v/v)
NFPA 704
NFPA704.png
4
4
2
 

Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas produced by combustion of carbon in a low-oxygen environment such as a charcoal fire.

Uses

  • Reduction of metal oxides (see smelting)
  • Burning, as a component of producer gas

Natural occurrence

  • Rarely produced by low temperature combustion

Hazards

  • Very toxic
  • Flammable and potentially explosive

Production

Synthesis

Zinc and calcium carbonate

Heat a mixture of zinc and calcium carbonate, producing calcium oxide, zinc oxide, and carbon monoxide

Zn + CaCO3 ZnO + CaO + CO

Thermal decomposition

Calcium oxalate breaks down giving CO at 500-550 degrees centigrade

CaC2O4
{
500-550°C}
CaCO3 + CO

Partial oxidation

Heat carbon in a limited-oxygen environment

2 C + O2
{
800°C}
2 CO

Dehydration

Combine sulfuric acid with formic acid or oxalic acid, and apply heat

H2SO4 + HCOOH H2SO4 + H2O + CO
H2SO4 + H2C2O4 H2SO4 + H2O + CO2 + CO

Purification

Testing

Storage

Disposal

See Also

References