Dichlorocarbonyl

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Legality: CWC Schedule 3

CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION, STOCKPILING AND USE OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION
ANNEX ON CHEMICALS
A. GUIDELINES FOR SCHEDULES OF CHEMICALS
Guidelines for Schedule 3
The following criteria shall be taken into account in considering whether a toxic chemical or precursor, not listed in other Schedules, should be included in Schedule 3:
(a) It has been produced, stockpiled or used as a chemical weapon;
(b) It poses otherwise a risk to the object and purpose of this Convention because it possesses such lethal or incapacitating toxicity as well as other properties that might enable it to be used as a chemical weapon;
(c) It poses a risk to the object and purpose of this Convention by virtue of its importance in the production of one or more chemicals listed in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2, part B;
(d) It may be produced in large commercial quantities for purposes not prohibited under this Convention.

Production of this substance may be illegal in some jurisdictions under certain circumstances. Bottom line: Do not produce this chemical without checking to make sure that you may do so legally.

 
 
Dichlorocarbonyl
CWC LIST I/II/III SUBSTANCE
Dichlorocarbonyl struct.png
Chemical formula COCl2
OTP appearance colorless gas 
Molar Mass(g/mol) 98.92 
Density(g/cc) .004248 
Melting Point(°C) -118 
Boiling Point(°C) 8.3 
Solubility in water(g/L) decomp (CO2 + 2 HCl
Immediate Danger to Life and Health 2ppm
NFPA 704
NFPA704.png
0
4
1
 

Uses

Other

Natural occurrence

  • Essentially none. Combustion of large quantities of organochlorine compounds could produce minute natural amounts.

Hazards

Exposure levels

  • IDLH from inhalation 2ppm
  • EEGL 1hr: 200ppb
  • EEGL 24hr: 20ppb

Precautions

On contact with water, dichlorocarbonyl decomposes into carbon dioxide and hydrochloric acid, both of which are also dangerous compounds, but not nearly on the ppm/ppb scale of dichlorocarbonyl. Liberal wetting of connections and joints, and/or steamy conditions when working with this compound may help

Treatment

Treatment is supportive, primarily for pulmonary edema (intubation, bronchodialators).

Production

Synthesis

Combine chlorine gas and carbon monoxide gas in 1:1 molarity over an activated carbon surface. N.B. Keep surface cool because the reaction is exothermic and over 200°C dichlorocarbonyl breaks down into its component parts

Cl2 + CO
{C
50-150 °C}
COCl2ΔH=-107.6

Storage

  • Generally: DO NOT STORE
  • Keep absolutely dry to prevent decomposition into hydrochloric acid
  • Glass, Monel, Tantalum containers ok
  • Steel and other metal containers ok as long as absolutely dry

Disposal

Neutralize with aqueous sodium bicarbonate or ammonia.[1]

See Also

References

  1. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, GENEVA 1998 IPCS Health and Safety Guide No. 106 PHOSGENE HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDE