Sulfur: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "{{Compound|name=Sulfur|chemf=S|density=2|num=16|group=Nonmetals|stp_p=solid|stp_q=yellow|mm=32|mp=116|bp=444|nfpa_h=1|nfpa_f=1}} ==Uses== ===Primary=== * Feedstock for sulfu...") |
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{{Compound|name=Sulfur|chemf=S|density=2|num=16|group=Nonmetals|stp_p=solid|stp_q=yellow|mm=32|mp=116|bp=444|nfpa_h=1|nfpa_f=1}} | [[Category: NOWA]]{{Compound|name=Sulfur|chemf=S|density=2|num=16|group=Nonmetals|stp_p=solid|stp_q=yellow|mm=32|mp=116|bp=444|nfpa_h=1|nfpa_f=1|nowa=yes}} | ||
==Uses== | ==Uses== | ||
===Primary=== | ===Primary=== | ||
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* Component of [[blackpowder]] | * Component of [[blackpowder]] | ||
==Natural Occurrence== | ==Natural Occurrence== | ||
* Elemental sulfur '''does''' occur natively. in sulfur domes, hydrothermal | * Elemental sulfur '''does''' occur natively. in sulfur domes, hydrothermal springs, and volcanoes. | ||
* [[Iron pyrite]] and [[ | * [[Iron pyrite]] and [[chalcopyrite]] are natural sources of sulfur as well. | ||
* An egg yolk contains .000016g (16μg) of | * [[Bitumen]] often contains up to 4% sulfur. | ||
* An egg yolk contains .000016g (16μg) of sulfur. | |||
==Hazards== | ==Hazards== | ||
* Burning sulfur produces sulfur di- and tri- oxides, which are toxic and irritating | * Burning sulfur produces sulfur di- and tri- oxides, which are toxic and irritating | ||
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[[Hydrogen sulfide]] can be easily converted to pure sulfur via the Clause Process: | [[Hydrogen sulfide]] can be easily converted to pure sulfur via the Clause Process: | ||
: {{#Chem: 2 H2S +3 O2 = 2 SO2 + 2 H2O}} | : {{#Chem: 2 H2S +3 O2 = 2 SO2 + 2 H2O}} | ||
: {{#Chem: 4 H2S +2 SO2 { H2O = } 3 S2 + 4 H2O //bubble both | : {{#Chem: 4 H2S +2 SO2 { H2O = } 3 S2 + 4 H2O //bubble both gases through water, or mix them with a bit of steam}} | ||
==Purification== | ==Purification== | ||
sulfur is soluble in warm [[toluene]], [[benzene]] and all types of dimethyl benzene. | sulfur is soluble in warm [[toluene]], [[benzene]] and all types of dimethyl benzene. | ||
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==Storage== | ==Storage== | ||
==Disposal== | ==Disposal== | ||
==Localities== | |||
* Crater Sulfur Mine near Death Valley, CA, USA (37°12'44.72"N, 117°41'17.88"W) | |||
* Kawah Ijen sulfur mine in Indonesia (37°12'44.72"N 117°41'17.88"W) | |||
* Paliorema Sulfur Mine near Milos, Greece (36°41'39.34"N, 24°32'39.11"E) | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Sulfuric acid]] | * [[Sulfuric acid]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Minerals]][[Category:Pharm]] | [[Category:Minerals]][[Category:Pharm]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:10, 18 October 2023
| Chemical formula | S |
|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 16 |
| OTP appearance | yellow solid |
| Molar Mass(g/mol) | 32 |
| Density(g/cc) | 2 |
| Melting Point(°C) | 116 |
| Boiling Point(°C) | 444 |
| NFPA 704 |  1
1
0
|
Uses
Primary
- Feedstock for sulfuric acid
Secondary
- Pharmacopia: Topical antibiotic
- Component of blackpowder
Natural Occurrence
- Elemental sulfur does occur natively. in sulfur domes, hydrothermal springs, and volcanoes.
- Iron pyrite and chalcopyrite are natural sources of sulfur as well.
- Bitumen often contains up to 4% sulfur.
- An egg yolk contains .000016g (16μg) of sulfur.
Hazards
- Burning sulfur produces sulfur di- and tri- oxides, which are toxic and irritating
Production
Extraction
Native Sulfur
Sulfur does occur naturally in volcanic areas, particularly around fumaroles, such as exist at Kawah Ijen and and Gunung Welirang in Java, Indonesia.
Sulfide Minerals
it is also practical to extract elemental sulfur from some sulfide minerals such as iron pyrite, marcasite and cinnabar by applying heat in the absence of oxygen or carbon:
- FeS2{FeS + S // Marcasite and pyrite540°C}→
- HgS → Hg + S // Cinnabar
Synthesis
Clause
Hydrogen sulfide can be easily converted to pure sulfur via the Clause Process:
- 2 H2S + 3 O2 → 2 SO2 + 2 H2O
- 4 H2S + 2 SO2{H2O3 S2 + 4 H2O // bubble both gases through water, or mix them with a bit of steam}→
Purification
sulfur is soluble in warm toluene, benzene and all types of dimethyl benzene.
Testing
Storage
Disposal
Localities
- Crater Sulfur Mine near Death Valley, CA, USA (37°12'44.72"N, 117°41'17.88"W)
- Kawah Ijen sulfur mine in Indonesia (37°12'44.72"N 117°41'17.88"W)
- Paliorema Sulfur Mine near Milos, Greece (36°41'39.34"N, 24°32'39.11"E)