Calcium gluconate
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| Chemical formula | C12H22CaO14 |
|---|---|
| OTP appearance | solid |
| Molar Mass(g/mol) | 430.373 |
| Melting Point(°C) | 120(decomp) |
| Solubility in water(g/L) | 30-35 |
| NFPA 704 |  1
1
0
|
Calcium gluconate is included in DHS and is used to treat hydrofluoric acid exposure/poisoning, hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia. It is usually administered orally.[1]
Uses
Primary
- Pharm: WHO LEM treatment for hydrofluoric acid poisoning, hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia
Natural occurrence
Hazards
Production
Synthesis
- Combine calcium hydroxide and gluconic acid
- Ca(OH)2 + C6H12O7 → Ca(C6H11O7)2 + 2 H2O
direct from glucose
To a solution with frequent shaking of 200 g of anhydrous glucose in 1000 ml of water, 200 g of bromine are gradually added. About 50 g of the bromine may be added at once and then the rest in 25-50 g portions as the fluid bromine disappears into solution. After the reaction is over the excess of bromine is boiled off, stirring to prevent local overheating, and the golden-yellow solution is cooled and the volume measured. Bromine ion is then determined in an aliquot portion, after which the calculated amount of lead carbonate, ground to a thin paste with water, is added in small portions, with stirring. An appreciable excess of lead carbonate is to be avoided, as lead gluconate is then formed and this prevents the lead bromide from crystallizing out, presumably owing to the formation of a double salt. The resulting mixture is concentrated,in vacuo, to 500 ml, chilled, and allowed to stand in the ice box for 24 hours, after which the lead bromide is filtered off and washed with a little ice-cold water. Traces of bromine ion in the filtrate are removed by adding a little freshly precipitated silver oxide or a suspension of silver carbonate, and after filtration hydrogen sulfide is passed in to remove minute amounts of lead and silver ions in solution. Any sulfides formed are filtered off and the filtrate, which now consists of a solution of gluconic acid, is boiled with an excess of calcium carbonate. After cooling, and filtering off the excess of carbonate, the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo to a thin syrup. The calcium gluconate separates on cooling and letting stand, with occasional rubbing, and is filtered off and recrystallized from the minimum amount of boiling water or dilute alcohol. The yield of crude calcium salt is 140-150 g.[2]