Phosphorus trichloride
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| Chemical formula | PCl3 |
|---|---|
| OTP appearance | colorless/yellow fuming liquid |
| Index of refraction | 1.5122 |
| Molar Mass(g/mol) | 137.33 |
| Enthalpy of Formation(kJ/mol) | −319.7 kJ/mol |
| Density(g/cc) | 1.574 |
| Melting Point(°C) | -93 |
| Boiling Point(°C) | 76 |
| Solubility in water(g/L) | reacts (H3PO3,HCl) |
| Immediate Danger to Life and Health | 25ppm |
| NFPA 704 |  0
4
2
|
Uses
Justification Questioned
Other
- Common & effective chlorinating agent (production of acetyl chloride)
Natural occurrence
- Does not occur naturally
Hazards
- 600 ppm is lethal in just a few minutes.[1]
- 25 ppm is the NIOSH "Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health" level[2]
- 0.5 ppm is the US OSHA "permissible exposure limit" over a time-weighted average of 8 hours.[3]
- 0.2 ppm is the US NIOSH "recommended exposure limit" over a time-weighted average of 8 hours.[4]
- Under European Union Directive 67/548/EEC it is classified as very toxic and corrosive , and the risk phrases R14, R26/28, R35 and R48/20 are obligatory.
Character
Production
Synthesis
- Add an excess of white or red phosphorus to a container of chlorine gas
- 3 Cl2 + 4 P → 2 PCl3 + 2 P
Testing
Purification
Storage
Disposal
See Also
References
- ↑ Toy, A. D. F. (1973) "The Chemistry of Phosphorus".
Pergamon Press - ↑ Documentation for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)
- ↑ OSHA: Phosphorus Trichloride
- ↑ CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards