Mineral acid intraconversion: Difference between revisions

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{|class="wikitable sortable"
{|class=wikitable
|+Mineral acid intraconversion
|+Mineral acid intraconversion
!colspan=2 rowspan=2| ||||
!colspan=2 rowspan=2| ||||
Line 7: Line 7:
!bp
!bp
!{{acidlink|Sulfuric}}
!{{acidlink|Sulfuric}}
!{{acidlink|Nitric}}
!{{acidlink|Phosphoric}}
!{{acidlink|Boric}}
!{{acidlink|Boric}}
!{{acidlink|Perchloric}}
!{{acidlink|Perchloric}}
!{{acidlink|Phosphoric}}
!{{acidlink|Hydroiodic}}
!{{acidlink|Hydrobromic}}
!{{acidlink|Hydrofluoric}}
!{{acidlink|Hydrofluoric}}
!{{acidlink|Hydrochloric}}
!{{acidlink|Hydrochloric}}
!{{acidlink|Hydrobromic}}
!{{acidlink|Nitric}}
!{{acidlink|Hydroiodic}}
|-
|-
!rowspan=9|From
!rowspan=9|From
!{{acidlink|Sulfuric}}||98%||337
!{{acidlink|Sulfuric}}||98%||337
|•||[[Saltpeter]]↑||[[Apatite]]↑||[[Borax]]↓||[[Calcium perchlorate {{!}}{{#Chem:Ca(ClO4)2}}]]↓||[[Fluorite]]↑||[[Salt]]↑||[[Calcium bromide {{!}}{{#Chem:CaBr2}}]]↓|||[[Calcium iodide {{!}}{{#Chem:CaI2}}]]↑
|style='background:#bbb;'| ||[[Borax]]||||[[Apatite]]||[[calcium iodide{{!}}{{#Chem:CaI2}}]]||[[calcium bromide{{!}}{{#Chem:CaBr2}}]]||[[Fluorite]]||[[Salt]]||[[potassium nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:KNO3}}]]
|-
!{{acidlink|Nitric}}||68%||83
|[[Chamber process]]||•||||||||—||—||—||—
|-
!{{acidlink|Phosphoric}}||||158(decomp)
|[[copper sulfate{{!}}{{#Chem:CuSO4}}]]↓||[[Calcium nitrate {{!}}{{#Chem:Ca(NO3)2}}]]↓||•|||||[[Calcium perchlorate {{!}}{{#Chem:Ca(ClO4)2}}]]↓||[[silver fluoride{{!}}AgF]]↓||[[Calcium chloride {{!}}{{#Chem:CaCl2}}]]↓||[[Calcium bromide {{!}}{{#Chem:CaBr2}}]]↓|||[[Calcium iodide {{!}}{{#Chem:CaI2}}]]↓
|-
|-
!{{acidlink|Boric}}||||300
!{{acidlink|Boric}}||||300
||||||||•|||||||[[Salt]]↑||||
||—||style='background:#bbb;'| ||||—||[[potassium iodide{{!}}{{#Chem:KI}}]]||[[potassium bromide{{!}}{{#Chem:KBr}}]]||[[potassium fluoride{{!}}{{#Chem:KF}}]]|||[[calcium chloride{{!}}{{#Chem:CaCl2}}]]||[[potassium nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:KNO3}}]]
|-
|-
!{{acidlink|Perchloric}}||||203
!{{acidlink|Perchloric}}||||203
||||||||||•||||[[Salt]]↑||||
||[[potassium sulfate{{!}}{{#Chem:K2SO4}}]]||[[Borax]]||style='background:#bbb;'| ||[[potassium phosphate{{!}}{{#Chem:K3PO4}}]]|||[[potassium iodide{{!}}{{#Chem:KI}}]]||[[potassium bromide{{!}}{{#Chem:KBr}}]]||[[potassium fluoride{{!}}{{#Chem:KF}}]]||[[potassium chloride{{!}}{{#Chem:KCl}}]]||[[potassium nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:KNO3}}]]
|-
|-
!{{acidlink|Hydrofluoric}}||35%||120
!{{acidlink|Phosphoric}}||||158(d)
||||[[Calcium nitrate {{!}}{{#Chem:Ca(NO3)2}}]]↓||||||[[Calcium perchlorate {{!}}{{#Chem:Ca(ClO4)2}}]]↓||•||[[Calcium chloride {{!}}{{#Chem:CaCl2}}]]↓||[[Calcium bromide {{!}}{{#Chem:CaBr2}}]]↓||[[Calcium iodide {{!}}{{#Chem:CaI2}}]]↓
|{{#Chem:MgSO4}}||[[Borax]]|||
|style='background:#bbb;'| ||[[calcium iodide{{!}}{{#Chem:CaI2}}]]||[[calcium bromide{{!}}{{#Chem:CaBr2}}]]||[[Fluorite]]||[[calcium chloride{{!}}{{#Chem:CaCl2}}]]||[[potassium nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:KNO3}}]]
|-
|-
!{{acidlink|Hydroiodic}}||57%||127
||—||[[Borax]]||||—||style='background:#bbb;'| ||[[mercury (II) bromide{{!}}{{#Chem:HgBr2}}]]||[[silver fluoride{{!}}{{#Chem:AgF}}]]||[[mercury (II) chloride{{!}}{{#Chem:HgCl2}}]]||[[potassium nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:KNO3}}]]
|-
|-
!{{acidlink|Hydrochloric}}||20.2||110
!{{acidlink|Hydrobromic}}||48%||124
|{{#Chem:CuCl2+SO2}}||[[silver nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:AgNO3}}]]|||||[[Borax]]↓|||[[Ammonium perchlorate{{!}}{{#Chem:NH4ClO4}}]]|||[[silver fluoride{{!}}AgF]]↓||•||||
||Electrolyze [[Sulfur]]||[[Borax]]||||—||—||style='background:#bbb;'| ||[[silver fluoride{{!}}{{#Chem:AgF}}]]||[[calcium chloride{{!}}{{#Chem:CaCl2}}]]||[[potassium nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:KNO3}}]]
|-
|-
!{{acidlink|Hydrobromic}}||48%||124
!{{acidlink|Hydrofluoric}}||35%||120
|Electrolyze [[Sulfur]]||[[silver nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:AgNO3}}]]↓|||||||||[[silver fluoride{{!}}AgF]]↓||[[Salt]]↑||•||
||—||[[Borax]]||||—|||[[calcium iodide{{!}}{{#Chem:CaI2}}]]||[[calcium bromide{{!}}{{#Chem:CaBr2}}]]||style='background:#bbb;'| ||[[calcium chloride{{!}}{{#Chem:CaCl2}}]]||[[potassium nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:KNO3}}]]
|-
|-
!{{acidlink|Hydrochloric}}||20.2||110
|{{#Chem:CuCl2+SO2}}||[[Borax]]||[[ammonium perchlorate|{{#Chem:NH4ClO4}}]]||—||—|||—||[[silver fluoride{{!}}{{#Chem:AgF}}]]||style='background:#bbb;'| ||[[potassium nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:KNO3}}]]
|-
|-
!{{acidlink|Hydroiodic}}||57%||127
!{{acidlink|Nitric}}||68%||83
|||[[silver nitrate{{!}}{{#Chem:AgNO3}}]]↓||||||||[[silver fluoride{{!}}AgF]]↓||[[Salt]]↑||[[sodium bromide{{!}}NaBr]]↑||•
||[[chamber process]]||[[Borax]]||—||—||—||—||—||—||style='background:#bbb;'| 
|}
|}
Cells with a dash (—) do '''not''' have a known direct path for conversion. A cation soluble for the column but insoluble for the row is ideal. Alternatively, convert the source acid to nitric acid, use that to make sulfuric acid, and use ''that'' to make the target acid.
[[Category:Data]]
[[Category:Data]]
==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Data]]

Latest revision as of 20:48, 28 November 2023

Mineral acid intraconversion
  To
az bp Sulfuric Boric Perchloric Phosphoric Hydroiodic Hydrobromic Hydrofluoric Hydrochloric Nitric
From Sulfuric 98% 337   Borax Apatite CaI2 CaBr2 Fluorite Salt KNO3
Boric 300 —   — KI KBr KF CaCl2 KNO3
Perchloric 203 K2SO4 Borax   K3PO4 KI KBr KF KCl KNO3
Phosphoric 158(d) MgSO4 Borax   CaI2 CaBr2 Fluorite CaCl2 KNO3
Hydroiodic 57% 127 — Borax —   HgBr2 AgF HgCl2 KNO3
Hydrobromic 48% 124 Electrolyze Sulfur Borax — —   AgF CaCl2 KNO3
Hydrofluoric 35% 120 — Borax — CaI2 CaBr2   CaCl2 KNO3
Hydrochloric 20.2 110 CuCl2 + SO2 Borax NH4ClO4 — — — AgF   KNO3
Nitric 68% 83 chamber process Borax — — — — — —  

Cells with a dash (—) do not have a known direct path for conversion. A cation soluble for the column but insoluble for the row is ideal. Alternatively, convert the source acid to nitric acid, use that to make sulfuric acid, and use that to make the target acid.

References

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