Calcium hydroxide: Difference between revisions

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{{Compound|chemf=Ca(OH)2
{{Compound|chemf=Ca(OH)2
|stp_p=solid|stp_q=white
|stp_p=solid|stp_q=white
|mm=74.093|density=2.211|sol_aq=1.73|sol_et=non|eof=−987
|mm=74.093|mp=580 (decomp)density=2.211|sol_aq=1.73|sol_et=non|eof=−987
|group=salts
|group=salts
|nfpa_h=3
|nfpa_h=3

Revision as of 15:48, 18 April 2020

 
Calcium hydroxide
Chemical formula Ca(OH)2
OTP appearance white solid 
Molar Mass(g/mol) 74.093 
Enthalpy of Formation(kJ/mol) −987 
Melting Point(°C) 580 (decomp)density=2.211 
Solubility in water(g/L) 1.73 
Solubility in ethanol(g/L) non
NFPA 704
NFPA704.png
0
3
0
 

 

Thermal Decomposition
Calcium hydroxide
580°C
CaO,H2O

Uses

Primary

Secondary

  • Whitewash

Natural Occurrence

  • Calcium hydroxide does not occur naturally.

Hazards

  • Calcium hydroxide is alkaline. It can irritate the skin, eyes and lungs and should not be ingested in large quantities. Wash with fresh clean water after contact.

Synthesis

From calcium oxide

In ideal conditions (distilled water, pure calcium oxide) this works. Presuming a "part by mass" is 1g, this yields half a mol (37g) of calcium hydroxide.

  1. Gather a watertight container resistant to alkaline substances
  2. Gather 9 parts by mass of water
  3. Gather 28 parts by mass of calcium oxide
  4. Place the water in the container
  5. Slowly add the calcium oxide, allowing the water to cool in between additions
  6. The mixture is calcium hydroxide

Purification

Testing

Storage

  • Calcium hydroxide is a caustic alkali, so glass and ceramic containers are excellent. Aluminum in particular is bad.
  • Calcium hydroxide will absorb carbon dioxide from the air and precipitate as calcium carbonate, so keep in a sealed container

Disposal

See Also

References