Hydrogen chloride: Difference between revisions
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JeffEvarts (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{Compound|chemf=HCl|mm=36.46|density=0.00149|mp=-114.22|bp=-85.05|sol_aq=720|stp_p=gas|stp_q=clear|nfpa_h=3|nfpa_r=1|nfpa_o=ACID|ior=1.0004456}} ==Uses== ===Primary=== * Key...") |
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Revision as of 06:15, 25 June 2019
| Chemical formula | HCl |
|---|---|
| OTP appearance | clear gas |
| Index of refraction | 1.0004456 |
| Molar Mass(g/mol) | 36.46 |
| Density(g/cc) | 0.00149 |
| Melting Point(°C) | -114.22 |
| Boiling Point(°C) | -85.05 |
| Solubility in water(g/L) | 720 |
| NFPA 704 |  0
3
1
ACID
|
Uses
Primary
- Key chemical intermediate for chlorine chemistry
Natural occurrence
Hazards
Production
Extraction
Extracting hydrogen chloride from water (hydrochloric acid) is difficult due to an azeotrope at about 20% HCl. Adding 25% by weight calcium chloride (or similar amounts of magnesium chloride) to the hydrochloric acid. At a certain point, relatively pure, "dry" hydrogen chloride will evaporate from the mixture.
Synthesis
- Combine sodium chloride and sulfuric acid
- NaCl + H2SO4 → HCl + NaHSO4