Sulfur dioxide

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Legality: DEA Listed Chemicals

Production of this substance may be illegal in some jurisdictions under certain circumstances.

21CFR1310.02 a & b

In 1995/6, two lists were created "List I" and "List II", for which commercial manufacturers and distributors must register, and for which possession with the intent to manufacture illegal substances (such as methamphetamine, ecstasy, etc) is illegal. On these a few dozen "precursor" compounds commonly used in the manufacture of illegal drugs. <ref>{{

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Bottom line: Do not produce this chemical without checking to make sure that you may do so legally.

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Legality: CWC Schedule 3

CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION, STOCKPILING AND USE OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION

ANNEX ON CHEMICALS

A. GUIDELINES FOR SCHEDULES OF CHEMICALS

Guidelines for Schedule 3

The following criteria shall be taken into account in considering whether a toxic chemical or precursor, not listed in other Schedules, should be included in Schedule 3:

(a) It has been produced, stockpiled or used as a chemical weapon;

(b) It poses otherwise a risk to the object and purpose of this Convention because it possesses such lethal or incapacitating toxicity as well as other properties that might enable it to be used as a chemical weapon;

(c) It poses a risk to the object and purpose of this Convention by virtue of its importance in the production of one or more chemicals listed in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2, part B;

(d) It may be produced in large commercial quantities for purposes not prohibited under this Convention.

Production of this substance may be illegal in some jurisdictions under certain circumstances. Bottom line: Do not produce this chemical without checking to make sure that you may do so legally.

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Legality: Controlled Substance

USC Title 21<ref>21 USC §812{{

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This substance is currently {{#if: |listed in Schedule {{#ifeq: |1|I|{{#ifeq:|2|II|{{#ifeq:|3|III|{{#ifeq:|4|IV|{{#ifeq:|5|V|}}}}}}}}}}|unlisted}}

Production, Possession, or distribution of this substance without permission or defined legal justification may be illegal.

Bottom line: Do not produce this substance without checking to make sure that you may do so legally.

[[Category:US Schedule {{#ifeq: |1|I|{{#ifeq:|2|II|{{#ifeq:|3|III|{{#ifeq:|4|IV|{{#ifeq:|5|V|}}}}}}}}}} Substances]]}}

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Sulfur dioxide {{#if:|
*aka* }} {{#if:|
DEA LIST I/II SUBSTANCE}} {{#if:|
CWC LIST I/II/III SUBSTANCE}} {{#if:||
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Uses

The primary use of sulfur dioxide is as a feedstock for sulfuric acid via sulfur trioxide. Heavier than air.

Natural occurence

Sulfur dioxide occurs naturally in volcanic vents and sulfur springs

Hazards

Inhalation of large amounts of sulfur dioxide can result in pulmonary edema, which (according to ) is treated with supportive care for breathing and heart issues.<ref>Medical Management Guidelines for Sulfur Dioxide{{

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Production

Synthesis

There are many ways to produce sulfur dioxide depending on the raw materials available. Each of the below produces approximately 1 mol of sulfur dioxide:

from Sulfur

Molten sulfur combines with air almost quantitatively producing sulfur dioxide, most efficiently by spraying fine droplets of molten sulfur into preheated (120°C) air:

{{#Chem: S8 + 8O2 = 8SO2}}

Thermal decomposition of mineral sulfides and sulfates

Roast 1 mol (240g) of galena in air at 1000°C
{{#Chem: 2PbS + 3O2 --> 2PbO + 2SO2|t=1000}}
Roast 1/2 mol (60g) of iron pyrite in air
{{#Chem: 4FeS2 + 11O2 --> 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2}}
Roast 5/6 mol (113.3g) of gypsum and 1/6 mol (20g) of iron pyrite with 1/2 mol (30g) of silicon dioxide
{{#Chem: 10CaSO4 +2FeS2 +6SiO2 --> Fe2SiO4 +5Ca2SiO4 +14SO2}}
This has the interesting characteristic of requiring no external oxygen source

The fayelite ({{#Chem: Fe2SiO4}}) can be oxidized further to magnetite and silicon dioxide

The calcium silicate {{#Chem: Ca2SiO4}} can be used as a fire retardant

NaSO

sodium sulfite

Very roughly, 1ubm of sulfite to 2 ubm of commercial or 1:3 of azeotropic HCl produces SO2

Gather 126ubm (1M) sodium sulfite
Gather 500ubm of water
Gather 255ubm (222ml, 2M) of commercial (30%-ish, 9M) hydrochloric acid
or 365ubm (333ml, 2M) of azeotropic (20.2%, 6M) hydrochloric acid
Completely dissolve the sodium sulfite in the water.
Drip hydrochloric acid into sodium sulfite solution producing 2 mols of salt, 1 mol of water, and 1 mol of sulfur dioxide
{{#Chem: Na2SO3 + 2HCl = 2 NaCl + SO2 + H2O}}

sodium metabisulfite

Drip Hydrochloric acid onto Sodium metabisulfite
{{#Chem: Na2S2O5 + 2 HCl → 2 NaCl + H2O + 2 SO2}}

Purification

Sulfur dioxide is only slightly soluble in water, whereas sulfur trioxide reacts, and carbon dioxide is very soluble. Bubbling through warm water, therefore, will remove the bulk of these compounds.

Testing

A paper strip made with a solution of potassium permanganate will rapidly turn from purple to brown in the presence of sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide will decolor a solution of potassium permanganate rapidly

Storage

A practical way to contain and store sulfur dioxide effluent is to combine it with sodium hydroxide, producing sodium bisulfite. Sodium bisulfite is readily convertible back to sulfur dioxide by adding almost any acid.
{{#Chem: SO2(g) + NaOH(aq) = NaHSO3 // put}}

{{#Chem: NaHSO3 + HCl = NaCl + H2O(l) + SO2(g) // get}}

Disposal

Burn with hydrogen sulfide producing elemental sulfur and water
{{#Chem: SO2 + 2H2S = 2H2O + 3S}}
Bubble through a solution of potassium permanganate
{{#Chem: 5SO2 + 2KMnO4 + 2H2O → 2H2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4}}

References

Sulfur dioxide

Legality: DEA Listed Chemicals

21CFR1310.02 a & b

Contents

Legality: CWC Schedule 3

Legality: Controlled Substance

Uses

Natural occurence

Hazards

Production

Synthesis

from Sulfur

Thermal decomposition of mineral sulfides and sulfates

NaSO

sodium sulfite

sodium metabisulfite

Purification

Testing

Storage

Disposal

See Also

References

Navigation menu

Sulfur dioxide

Legality: DEA Listed Chemicals

21CFR1310.02 a & b

Legality: CWC Schedule 3

Legality: Controlled Substance

Uses

Natural occurence

Hazards

Production

Synthesis

from Sulfur

Thermal decomposition of mineral sulfides and sulfates

NaSO

sodium sulfite

sodium metabisulfite

Purification

Testing

Storage

Disposal

See Also

References

Navigation menu

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