Ammonium hydroxide

 

Ammonium hydroxide

Chemical formula	NH4OH
OTP appearance	colorless liquid
Molar Mass(g/mol)	35.04
Enthalpy of Formation(kJ/mol)	-80
Density(g/cc)	0.88-0.91
Melting Point(°C)	-57.5
Boiling Point(°C)	37.7
Solubility in water(g/L)	misc
NFPA 704	0 0 0

Uses

Primary

• Feedstock for ammonium chloride and most amines.
• Solvent
• Antibacterial
• Fertilizer

Natural occurrence

• Occurs naturally in the effluent of birds, fish, and rodents.

Hazards

• Inhalation or consumption can be hazardous

Production

Extraction

• Directly from excrement

Synthesis

• Action of urease upon urea, usually in an aqueous environment at raised temperature.

  (NH₂)₂CO + 3 H₂O → CO₂ + 2 NH₃OH

Storage

• Airtight containers